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Part one

The book

101 dinosaurs, three glowing plates each, every fact traced to its source.

Where others see a fossil, I see a spectrum.

Firoiu Dan Nicolae

The dinosaurs as you have never seen them, and exactly as we know them

One hundred and one dinosaurs, each on its own spread. Beside every portrait: three facts, field notes, a timeline, a map of where the fossils lie, a danger gauge, and the animal set to scale beside a human being.

It runs from the first small hunters of the Triassic to the last giants of the Cretaceous, in five chapters, each opened by its own fossil motif: tracks, feathers, vertebrae and armour.

A book for families and young readers, and a gift to keep on the table.

  1. 0

    Small Beginnings

    The first dinosaurs and the smallest plant-eaters · 001 to 005

  2. I

    Hunters

    The great meat-eaters · 006 to 029

  3. II

    Raptors and Feathers

    Fast, feathered and clever · 030 to 053

  4. III

    Giants

    The biggest plant-eaters · 054 to 077

  5. IV

    Horns and Armour

    Tanks, spikes and frills · 078 to 101

Read the full story of the book

An atlas of the dinosaurs, drawn in light

Where others see a fossil, I see a spectrum.

Glowing Dinosaurs is the fourth volume of the Glowing Series, the illustrated atlases by the artist Firoiu Dan Nicolae. It gathers one hundred and one dinosaurs, from the first small hunters of the Triassic to the last giants of the Cretaceous, and shows each of them in the series’ own style: a body of glass lit from within, with bone, muscle and nerve glowing in neon colour against pure black.

The pictures are art, and the book says so plainly. Everything printed beside them is natural history. Every dinosaur has its own spread of two pages: a text page with three short facts, a column of field notes, a timeline across the last 539 million years, a map of where its fossils were found, a size panel with a person 1.8 metres tall, and a gauge that answers the question every child asks first, which is how dangerous it would have been had we met. On the facing page stands the animal itself, whole, at the size of the page.

Each animal has three plates: the whole body, a portrait at the head of the text page, and a side view set to scale. That makes 303 plates in a book of about 240 pages, printed at 24 by 30 centimetres, a size made to be opened on a table and shared.

The book is arranged in five parts. A prologue, Small Beginnings, opens with the first dinosaurs and the smallest plant-eaters. Then come four chapters: Hunters, the great meat-eaters; Raptors and Feathers, the dinosaurs that became birds; Giants, the largest animals ever to walk; and Horns and Armour, the plant-eaters built to fight back. Each chapter is announced by its own fossil motif: a trackway of three-toed footprints, a row of teeth, a scatter of feathers, a line of vertebrae and a field of armour scales.

Behind the spectacle is a careful method. Every fact is tied to a scientific paper, a museum or a book, and the sources are listed at the back by entry number. Where scientists disagree, the page shows both sides. Where a fact rests only on a later account, the list says so. Before the book is printed, a specialist reads the whole text.

The book is also the start of an exhibition. Its plates can be printed on wood or acrylic under glass and hung on a single gallery wall, built into a darkened room around a great lightbox, spread through a hall as a walk through deep time, or fixed to the buildings of a whole town. Alongside them can stand eight fluorescent animatronic dinosaurs that glow under ultraviolet light and move.

On these pages you can look inside the finished spreads, read how the facts are checked, see how the exhibition grows from one wall to a city, meet the companion volume Most Dangerous Dinosaurs and the author, and reserve a copy.

How the atlas is built

Glowing Dinosaurs follows the frame of the Glowing Series: dark pages, gold type and one animal to a spread. It opens with a short sequence before the first dinosaur. After the cover and the copyright page comes the epigraph, Where others see a fossil, I see a spectrum. Then two pages print a fossil at its true size. The first is a Tyrannosaurus tooth, crown and root, beside a ruler marked to twenty centimetres. The second is a three-toed footprint of the kind called Grallator, left by a small meat-eater much like Coelophysis. After the title page and the dedication, the contents set out all 101 portraits on a single spread, numbered and grouped by chapter.

The entries follow in five parts. The prologue, Small Beginnings, holds five animals: two of the earliest dinosaurs known and three little plant-eaters that lived in the shadow of the great ones. Chapter I, Hunters, holds twenty-four meat-eaters, from Tyrannosaurus and Spinosaurus to Concavenator. Chapter II, Raptors and Feathers, holds twenty-four dinosaurs that became birds, the first birds themselves and their sharp-clawed cousins. Chapter III, Giants, holds twenty-four of the biggest plant-eaters, with their long necks and duck bills. Chapter IV, Horns and Armour, holds twenty-four plant-eaters built to fight back.

What every spread holds

The left-hand page is the text page. At the top stand the entry number, the chapter, the genus name in large gold capitals, a short epithet such as The Treetop Giant or The Feathered Thief, and a line on how to say the name. Beside them sits Plate II, a small portrait of the animal.

Below runs a timeline. It shows the last 539 million years, marks the Paleozoic, the Triassic, the Jurassic, the Cretaceous and the Cenozoic, and points to the moment the animal lived and to the present day, so a reader can see at once how far back it stands.

Then come three facts, each a short paragraph with its own title, chosen to surprise and written to be read aloud. Beside them, the field notes give the species and who named it, what the name means, when the animal lived, where it was found, its length, its weight and its food. A strip of five traits follows: diet, climate, weapon, teeth and special move.

At the foot of the page are three panels. The size panel sets Plate III, a level side view, beside a person 1.8 metres tall on a staff marked in metres. The danger gauge rates the animal harmless, risky or deadly, had we met, with a line of explanation. The map shows today’s world in fine dots, with gold where the fossils were found and a dashed line for the equator.

The right-hand page belongs to Plate I: the whole animal, glowing on black, with a caption giving its length and a reminder that the plates are artistic interpretations and do not show true colours.

At the back are a glossary, the sources listed by entry, an index of common and scientific names, and a page on the author.

A work of art that can be trusted

The light is the artist’s. The science is not.

No dinosaur is known to have glowed: the light is art, and the animals are real. Every fact is traced to the paper or museum it rests on, and where scientists disagree, the page says so. Before print, a specialist reads the whole text.

Number, name and epithet

N° 001 to 101, the genus name with how to say it, and a short title such as The Treetop Giant.

Three facts

Three short paragraphs, each with its source noted as it is written.

Field notes

Species and who named it, meaning of the name, when it lived, where it was found, length, weight and food.

A strip of traits

Diet, climate, weapon, teeth and special move, at a glance.

A map of the fossils

Gold marks where the bones were found, on today’s map.

Size and danger

The animal beside a person 1.8 m tall, and a gauge for how dangerous it would have been.

Why a book of light needs sources

Why a book of light needs a list of sources

The plates in Glowing Dinosaurs are openly artistic. No dinosaur is known to have glowed, and the colours shown are not true colours, except where an entry says the colour is known from the fossil. Because the pictures take that freedom, the words beside them take none. Every name, date, length, weight and story printed on a spread rests on a source that a reader can look up.

The sources are written down while the text is written, not afterwards. Each fact gets its paper, museum page or book at the moment it goes onto the page. At the back of the book they are listed by entry number, then by the fact each one supports, so a teacher, a parent or a curious reader can go straight from a sentence to the work behind it.

What “checked” means

During the work, every source row carries a note. Checked means the journal record, the published summary or the museum page was opened and read. Cited at second hand means the work is known only through a later one that cites it. That second label is used honestly: in the finished entries so far, two facts carry it, and they are marked as such. These working notes come off before printing, but the standard stays.

Most rows point to primary research in journals such as Nature, Science, PLoS ONE, Biology Letters and Scientific Reports, or to the pages of great natural history museums: the Natural History Museum in London, the American Museum of Natural History and the Field Museum in Chicago among them. The timeline on every spread follows the International Chronostratigraphic Chart of the International Commission on Stratigraphy, and the coastlines on the maps are drawn from the GLOBE land and sea data set.

Where scientists disagree, the page says so

Many of the best stories in palaeontology are arguments, and the book tells them as arguments. A 2001 computer study proposed that Allosaurus struck its prey with its upper jaw like a hatchet; other scientists replied that its strong skull suited holding struggling prey, and the page gives both views. A 1997 model suggested a long-necked dinosaur’s tail could crack faster than sound; a 2022 engineering model found the tip reached about 100 kilometres an hour. A 2020 study found that Spinosaurus’s tail pushed water better than any land dinosaur’s; a 2022 study found the animal too buoyant to dive. Even Eoraptor’s diet is printed as debated, because the sources disagree.

Some things on a spread are not facts at all, and the book is clear about which. The epithets, such as The Tyrant King, and the danger ratings are the author’s judgement, not measurements, and the sources say so in their own rows.

The question of glowing itself is treated the same way. A 2020 paper in Historical Biology raised the possibility that some extinct animals glowed under ultraviolet light, but it reports no fossil evidence of it. So the book states the plain position on its copyright page: the light is the artist’s; the animals are real.

Before printing, a specialist reads the whole text, corrections are made, and the reviewer is named in the book.

Turn the pages

Every dinosaur has two facing pages: what is known on the left, the full plate on the right. Spreads from the book as it stands today: eleven finished animals, a chapter opener, the contents and the sources. Swipe through.

Eoraptor: left pageEoraptor: right page
N° 001 Eoraptor The Dawn Dinosaur
Herrerasaurus: left pageHerrerasaurus: right page
N° 002 Herrerasaurus The First Big Hunter
Chapter I opener, Hunters: left pageChapter I opener, Hunters: right page
Chapter I · Hunters Jaws, claws and the biggest names in the book
Tyrannosaurus: left pageTyrannosaurus: right page
N° 006 Tyrannosaurus The Tyrant King
Spinosaurus: left pageSpinosaurus: right page
N° 007 Spinosaurus The River Monster
Velociraptor: left pageVelociraptor: right page
N° 030 Velociraptor The Feathered Thief
Deinonychus: left pageDeinonychus: right page
N° 031 Deinonychus The Game Changer
Brachiosaurus: left pageBrachiosaurus: right page
N° 054 Brachiosaurus The Treetop Giant
Diplodocus: left pageDiplodocus: right page
N° 055 Diplodocus The Whip-tailed Giant
Triceratops: left pageTriceratops: right page
N° 078 Triceratops The Horned Shield
Stegosaurus: left pageStegosaurus: right page
N° 079 Stegosaurus The Plated Giant
Contents: left pageContents: right page
Contents All 101 portraits on one spread
Sources: left pageSources: right page
Sources Every fact, with the paper or museum it rests on

On every spread

The six signs

Six panels, the same on every dinosaur, let even a young reader compare one with another at a glance. These are the real panels from the book, from entry N° 006, Tyrannosaurus.

Timeline panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
01

Timeline

When it lived, marked on a bar across the last 539 million years, next to the present day.

Size panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
02

Size

The animal set to scale beside a person 1.8 metres tall, on a staff marked in metres.

Danger panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
03

Danger

A gauge from harmless to risky to deadly, had we met, with the reason why.

Where it was found panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
04

Where it was found

Gold on a world map where its fossils were dug from the ground.

Diet and teeth panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
05

Diet and teeth

What it ate, and the teeth it ate with.

Weapon and special move panel for Tyrannosaurus, from the book
06

Weapon and special move

Its weapon, and the move it was built for.

How the book was checked

115source rows checked so far
46papers and book chapters
11animals sourced in full
2facts marked second-hand

At the back, every fact on every page is listed by entry with the paper, museum page or book it comes from: Nature, Science, PLoS ONE, Biology Letters, the Natural History Museum in London, the American Museum of Natural History and the Field Museum among them. Where a fact rests only on a later account, the list says so, and where scientists disagree, the page shows both sides.

006 · Bite forceBates, K. T. & Falkingham, P. L. (2012). Estimating maximum bite performance in Tyrannosaurus rex using multi-body dynamics. Biology Letters 8: 660–664.Checked
030 · Quill knobsTurner, A. H., Makovicky, P. J. & Norell, M. A. (2007). Feather quill knobs in the dinosaur Velociraptor. Science 317: 1721.Checked
078 · Wounds from fightingFarke, A. A., Wolff, E. D. S. & Tanke, D. H. (2009). Evidence of combat in Triceratops. PLoS ONE 4: e4252.Checked

The glowing gallery

Plate I of ten finished entries. Tap one to read the facts and field notes printed beside it.

Every animal, three ways

Each of the 101 has three plates: the whole animal on the right-hand page, a portrait at the top of the text page, and a side view set to scale beside a person. Here are Tyrannosaurus’s three.

Plate I of Tyrannosaurus: the whole animal
Plate I The whole animal, about 12 m from snout to tail
Plate II of Tyrannosaurus: a portrait
Plate II The portrait
Plate III of Tyrannosaurus: a side view used for the size panel
Plate III The side view, set to scale

Two things at actual size

The book is built to be held. Before the first animal, two pages print a fossil at its true size, so a reader can lay a hand beside it.

A Tyrannosaurus tooth at actual size beside a ruler to 20 cm
One toothTyrannosaurus had about 60 of them. The longest reached some 20 cm, crown and root.
A three-toed Grallator footprint at actual size beside a ruler to 15 cm
One footprintA three-toed track of the kind called Grallator, left by a small meat-eater much like Coelophysis. A track thought to be from Tyrannosaurus is 86 cm long, nearly three times the height of the page.

Get the book

Three ways to own Glowing Dinosaurs

The book

The atlas

The full atlas: 101 dinosaurs, 303 glowing plates, three facts, field notes and six signs on every dinosaur. 24 × 30 cm, about 240 pages.

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Signed

A signed copy

The atlas, signed by the artist. A gift for anyone who loves dinosaurs, science or art.

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For the wall

Collector’s editions

Plates of the book at 60 or 100 cm on wood or acrylic under glass: unique works and editions of ten and twenty-five.

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